Dynamo electeio machine



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DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE. No. 336,780. Patented Feb. 23, 1886.

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DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE.

Patented Feb. 23, 1886.

WITNESSES 9 C. @wm/M Attorney 8 N, PETERS. Phaxounhognphcr. Wnhingmn D. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ROYAL E. BALL, OF XEAV YORK, N. Y.

DYNAMG-ELECTRIC MACHlNE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 336,780, dated February 23,1886.

Application filed May 14, 1885. Serial No. 165,460. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ROYAL E. BALL, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of New York city, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Dynamo- Electric Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has relation to current-regulators for dynamo-electric machines, and has for its object the provision of means whereby the varying magnetic attraction between the armature and field pole pieces, following changes in the resistance of the external circuit, may be utilized in producing a corresponding or compensating change in the po sition of the current-strength collectors with reference to the commutator-sections.

When the dynamoelectric machine is em ployed for arc-lighting, the compensating regulation of the collectors with reference to the commutator-sections which is required to properly balance the resistances of internal and external circuits is the reverse of the regulation required for incandescent lighting. Thus the addition of arc lights to a given circuit increases the resistance and necessitates the movement of the collectors toward the poles, so as to increase the current, while in incandescent lighting the addition of lamps decreases the resistance and necessitates the reverse movement of the collectors to increase the quantity of current, the electro motive force remaining constant.

My invention contemplates the employment,

as a means of automatic regulation, of a revolving field-magnet or polepiecc, which is adapted to move in accordance with the varying attraction between it and the armature, a counterpoise being attached to the revolving frame to maintain the field-magnets in position when the magnetic attraction is normal.

' When the machine is used to supply an in candescing circuit, the movement of the fieldmagnet under varying conditions independ ently of the collectorbrushes is similar in effect to the usual movement of the brushes, the latter under a full load. leaving or moving out from the poles, and under a light load into or toward the poles.

\Vhen the machine is used to supply an arclight'circuit, an increase in the load necessitates an additional movement of the brushes into or toward the poles, so as to increase the current strength. Hence the revolving field must be coupled by multiplying connections to the collector-brushes so as to produce this movement.

My invention accordingly consists, first and broadly, in providing a dynamo-electric machine with a revolving frame carrying the field'magnets, said frame being so constructed and arranged as to vary its position according to the magnetic attraction of the armature, and thus produce a compensating change in the relation to the poles of the collecting-brushes; secondly in the combination, with a revolving frame carrying the fieldmagnets, and with the commutator and collecting-brushes, of intermediate connections, whereby any movement of the field-magnets will produce an actual compensating movement or adj ustmentofsaid brushes.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a side elevation, and Figs. 2, 3 end views, of my improvements as applied to machines for are lighting. Fig. 4- is a side view, and Figs. 5 and 6 are end views, of my improve ments applied to machines for incandescent lighting.

For the purposes of my invention the fieldmagnets A are secured to plates or end pieces, B B, which have bearings at b b for the passage of sockets or boxes b b formed on the frame-standards O G,supporting the armatureshaft B thus permitting said plates or end pieces to turn concentrically with said shaft. The pole-pieces D D are of the usual or any suitable construction. An arm or scale-beam, E, extending horizontally from the edge of one of the plates B B, carries a movable counterpoise, F, which, being properly adjusted, maintains the plates B B and fieldmagnets in one position while the machine is running under a constant or uniform load against the tendency of the armature to attract the field in the direction of its revolution.

When the machine is used for incandescent lighting, the collectors a a are stationary, and may be conveniently attached to a cross-head, G, on the inner end of the socket-arm 12. Hence, should the conditions of the circuit change, so

as to decrease the external resistance, as by the addition of lights, the increased attraction of the armature will overcome the counterpoise and pull the field-magnets over in the direction of its revolution. Now, although the collectors remain stationary, their relation to the pole-pieces is altered, and they are farther away from the poles. Should the number of lamps in circuit be then reduced, the attraction between the field and the armature is lessened, and the field-magnets resume their normal position, while the collectors remain stationary.

When the machine is used for supplying an arc-light circuit, and it becomes necessary to shiftthe collectors upon the commutator in the same or opposite direction as the movement of the field and farther from or nearer the poles, the'collectors must be adjustably arranged and so connected or coupled to the field-magnets or their revolving frame that they will move faster or concentrically farther than the polepieces, since otherwise they would remain relatively in one position. In order to obtain this differential movement, I employ, by preference, the mechanism shown in Fig. 1, without, however, limiting myself to the use of any specific means for accomplishing the object of my invent-ion. By ref erence to said figure it will be seen that the collectors to a are secured to a collar, F, jour naled on the inner end of the arm b of standard G, and that said collar is formed with a peripheral toothed flange or gear-wheel, F, the latter engaging with a pinion, f, on the end of a horizontal shaft, f, having its bearings in a stationary standard or bracket, H, mounted on the arm I). On the opposite end of the shaft f is mounted a smaller toothed wheel, 2', which in turn meshes with a toothed flange or wheel, i, on the inner surface of the frameplate B. Now, any movement of the fieldmagnet will be communicated through the gearing to the collectors, causing them to follow the direction of the pole-pieces, and by reason of the differential character of the gearing to multiply the movement and move faster than said pole-pieces, thus effecting automatically a compensation or regulation of the machine, according to the requirements of the lamp-circuit.

Having described my invention, I claim-- 1. In adynamo-electric machine, a concentricallymovable field -magnet constructed and adapted to revolve under the abnormal attraction of the armature, in combination with current-collectors whose positions relatively to said field-magnet are altered by such revolution.

2. In a dynamo-electric machine, the combination, with a revolving field-magnet, of con- ROYAL E. BALL.

\Vitnesses:

GEORGE F. ESCHBAOH, A. A. GoNNoLLY. 

